Category Archives: dog care

Outmoded notion of the alpha wolf

It’s been almost a year and a half since I wrote about the alpha roll myth.  Yet, there are still dog trainers who are using methods that are based on outdated thinking about animal behaviour and training.

Here’s a great video by L David Mech, who wrote “The Wolf: Ecology and Behavior of an Endangered Species” in 1968.  The book, published in 1970 and re-published in paperback in 1981, is often cited as the reason why ‘dominance’ and ‘leadership’ models for dog training are acceptable.

L David Mech now admits he was wrong and has publicly announced on his website that he has pleaded with the publisher to stop publishing his book.

“Alpha” implies competing with others and becoming top dog by winning a contest or battle. However, most wolves who lead packs achieved their position simply by mating and producing pups, which then became their pack. In other words they are merely breeders, or parents, and that’s all we call them today, the “breeding male,” “breeding female,” or “male parent,” “female parent,” or the “adult male” or “adult female.”

In the rare packs that include more than one breeding animal, the “dominant breeder” can be called that, and any breeding daughter can be called a “subordinate breeder.”

I’m a supporter of positive reinforcement training.  Please be on the lookout for trainers who still use outdated information and possibly damaging training techniques.

Deaf pets

Trupanion, providers of pet insurance, have published this very useful guide to deaf animals.  Deaf pets make great pets.  Yes – they have special needs – but they are often even more attentive to their owners because of their deafness and they are easy to train.

Have you considered adopting a special needs pet?  Consider a deaf one!

DeafPets

NutriScan

Veterinarian Dr Jean Dodds is the inventor of patented NutriScan, a saliva test for food intolerance and sensitivities.

Many people confuse food allergy with intolerance.  Intolerances are the third most common disorder found in dogs and symptoms can include itchy skin or irritable bowel problems.   When people seek out my advice on nutrition, it is often because they know their dog is having a reaction to their food.   Sometimes, picking the culprit is easy (it depends on what the core diet is in the first place), but in others, there appears to be multiple ingredients that are the offenders.

Enter NutriScan, which tests for intolerances to 22 different food ingredients.

Food allergy is an immediate reaction mediated by production of IgE and IgG antibodies. Food sensitivity and intolerance, by contrast, measures a more delayed body response to offending foods by measuring production of IgA and IgM antibodies primarily in mucosal secretions from the bowel.

NutriScan is split into two test panels, so you can order one or both:

Panel 1:                         Panel 2:
Beef                               Chicken Eggs
Corn                               Barley
Wheat                            Millet
Soy                                 Oatmeal
Cow’s Milk                    Salmon
Lamb                             Rabbit
Venison/Deer               Rice
Chicken                         Quinoa
Turkey                            Potato
White Fish                     Peanut/Peanut Butter
Pork                                Sweet Potato

Dr. Dodds recommends that dogs are tested annually because canine food tolerances and intolerances change over time.

I’m pleased to be able to offer this testing to my clients, with NutriScan test kits on hand and ready to be sent to the United States once we take the saliva sample.  Within a week of ordering my test kit supply, my first canine saliva sample is on its way.

Do sterilized dogs live longer?

New research from the University of Georgia suggests that neutering procedures could add to the length of a dog’s life and alter the risk of specific causes of death.

Looking at a sample of 40,139 death records from the Veterinary Medical Database from 1984-2004, researchers determined the average age at death for intact dogs—dogs that had not been spayed or neutered—was 7.9 years versus 9.4 years for sterilized dogs.

These figures may seem low considering how many pets live much longer, but the researchers noted that the life spans would be lower than those seen more widely because their sample was taken from dogs seen at teaching hospitals (so other things would have been going on and the study population would have had more sick animals).

The researchers stand behind their results – that the difference between neutered and intact is real.

Dr. Kate Creevy, an assistant professor of internal medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine. “The question that raises is why would you die younger if you have offspring?”

For the first time, researchers have been able to measure costs of reproduction in terms of the actual causes of death, finding that the causes of death differed between sterilized and intact dogs. Dogs who had undergone a gonadectomy (a spay or castration) were more likely to die from cancer or autoimmune diseases. Those in the sample who still had functional reproduction systems at death were more likely to die from infectious disease and trauma.

“Intact dogs are still dying from cancer; it is just a more common cause of death for those that are sterilized,” said Jessica Hoffman, a UGA doctoral candidate in the Franklin College of Arts of Sciences who co-authored the study.

Some of the reproductive hormones, particularly progesterone and testosterone, she said, could suppress the immune system, explaining why there is an increased risk of infection among dogs that have been sterilized.

The full journal article, published in PLoS One, can be viewed here.

Source:  University of Georgia media statement

The ‘miracle’ of weight loss

I caught up with an acquaintance this week who had asked me a while ago for a recommendation of a vet who could give her a second opinion on her dog’s heart condition.  Her Chihuahua was on many different medications for heart problems and she was not happy with her health or progress.

So I asked her how things were going…and she told me that she had managed to get her dog off all medications.

The miracle cure?  ‘We’ve taken one kilo (2.2 pounds) off of her’

Wow.  A Chihuahua is a very small dog and so a kilo of extra weight is definitely classed as obesity.  Here’s what an obese Chihuahua looks like:

An obese Chihuahua

An obese Chihuahua

It is in your dog’s best interest to manage their weight and keep it in the healthy range.  This is usually achieved with a combination of exercise and a proper diet.

Obesity shortens lives!

Anatomy 101: brachycephalic dogs

I was at a lunch last week and I was talking about brachycephalic dogs.  One fellow asked, ‘brachy what?’

Brachycephalic dogs are dogs with a short muzzle and generally flat face.   “Brachy” means “shortened” and “cephalic” means “head.”

These features make them very cute. But, this head structure doesn’t leave a lot of room for the nasal passages and palate, which are parts of the anatomy that help breathing.

Most of us who either own a brachycephalic dog or who have seen one at the dog park or elsewhere can identify the ‘brachy snort’ – the sound of a dog that is struggling to breathe.

We all know that dogs help to control their temperature on hot days through panting.  Unfortunately, brachycephalic dogs are inefficient panters and so these dogs are more susceptible to heat stroke.  They are generally not good outdoor dogs during summer because of this.

Some dogs also suffer from brachycephalic airway syndrome.  This syndrome is actually a group of upper airway abnormalities.  Brachycephalic syndrome is also known as congenital obstructive upper airway disease and in extreme cases, a veterinary surgeon may do surgery to help correct the abnormalities.

The abnormalities associated with the syndrome include:

  • stenotic nares, which are nostrils that are narrowed
  • elongated soft palate, which is a soft palate that is too long for the mouth and so the length partially blocks the entrance to the back of the throat
  • a hypoplastic trachea, an abnormally narrow windpipe
  • nasopharyngeal abnormalities,  the bone in the dog’s nasal cavity grows incorrectly and this can stop air flow.  This bone helps direct airflow and also helps with heating and humidifying inhaled air.

Because of their breathing difficulties, a brachycephalic breed must be fit and trim no matter what their life stage.  Obesity is a real threat to these dogs.

Since breathing difficulties become worse with strenuous exercise, it’s critically important to balance the dog’s caloric intake with their exercise and look for small opportunities to exercise the dog without causing stress.

Common brachycephalic dog breeds include:

·         English Bulldog

·         Pug

·         Shih Tzu

·         Pekingese

·         Boston Terrier

·         Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

·         Shar Pei

·         Lhasa Apso

Protecting the paws of the canine cop

Police dogs in Berlin, Germany have been outfitted with neoprene boots that stop broken glass and other objects from injuring a dog when it is working.

The tailor-made shoes cost €80 (roughly NZ$120).

Police dog in boots

When the shoes were trialled, the police found that there was a reduction in the number of injuries at high-risk events (which include such things as football games and public riots).

police dog wearing shoes

The idea of dogs wearing protective footwear isn’t new.

The City of Duesseldorf outfitted its police dogs in 2008.

Sources:

The Times

Metro

Animals matter in disasters

WSPA (The World Society for the Protection of Animals)  has a downloadable pack of information to help you prepare for your dog’s care in the event of a natural disaster.

WSPA_Header

This kit will show you what preparations you should undertake in case your dog and you face an emergency situation.

These are things like ensuring you have at least 3 days of food stored for both you and your dogs and that you have a sufficient supply of your dog’s medications, too.

The kit recommends that your dog is able to come to you on command and to practice moving to safe parts of your house in the event of an emergency, like a tornado or hurricane.

All very useful information!  Take it from those  of us who have faced natural disaster (earthquakes – too many of them!), being prepared gives you peace of mind and results in less stress during  very stressful events.

Download your pack here

More fat and less protein for sniffing dogs

Sniffing dog checking luggage. (Credit: © Monika Wisniewska / Fotolia)

A detector dog checking luggage. (Credit: © Monika Wisniewska / Fotolia)

A study  funded with a $1 million grant from the U.S. Department of Justice, has found that detection dogs are more reliable detectors than previously thought.  The study has been conducted by Cornell’s College of Veterinary Medicine.

The study is the first to be conducted in the world’s only detection dog research facility designed in conjunction with a military dog trainer. The Alabama facility, which provides expert detection dogs to police and military forces, flushes out fumes between tests, ensuring a fresh field each time.

Researchers have found that the key to improving a dogs’ smelling skills through diet is achieved by limiting proteins and increasing fats.  Such a diet, the research team says, appears to help dogs return to lower body temperatures after exercise, which reduces panting and, thereby, improves sniffing.

‘Dogs tested in the new facility signaled with 90 percent and above accuracy. We also found we can push detection performance even further with the right kind of food.’ said Joseph Wakshlag, associate professor of clinical studies and chief of nutrition at Cornell’s College of Veterinary Medicine.

During an 18-month period, the research team rotated 17 trained dogs through three diets: a high-end performance diet, regular adult dog food, and regular adult dog food diluted with corn oil. Measuring how different diets affected each dog, they found that dogs eating the normal diet enhanced with corn oil returned to normal body temperatures most quickly after exercise and were better able to detect smokeless powder, ammonia nitrate and TNT.

‘Corn oil has lots of polyunsaturated fats, similar to what you’d find in a lot of nuts and common grocery store seed oils,’ said Wakshlag. ‘Past data from elsewhere suggest that these polyunsaturated fats might enhance the sense of smell, and it looks like that may be true for detection dogs. It could be that fat somehow improves nose-signaling structures or reduces body temperature or both. But lowering protein also played a part in improving olfaction.’

‘If you’re a dog, digesting protein raises body temperature, so the longer your body temperature is up, the longer you keep panting, and the harder it is to smell well,’ said Wakshlag.

Source:  Cornell University media release

Mussel Dog/Omega Dog

As many of my readers and clients know, I’m a passionate supporter of holistic health.  This means that I support traditional veterinary care for your dog (it’s essential) but I have found that to be truly healthy, your dog can benefit from other types of care.

I’m pleased to present this recommendation for Mussel Dog®, a supplement containing New Zealand green lipped mussel, active ingredient perna canaliculus.

Mussel DogMy Daisy is a senior dog (coming up on age 13), with arthritis in the lower spine and hips.  I give her regular massage and laser therapy treatments and she also receives acupuncture and hydrotherapy.  For the last couple of years, I have included fish oils in her diet because of the anti-inflammatory nature of Omega-3 fatty acids.  However, the recommended dosage of traditional fish oils is quite high for a dog of Daisy’s size and she would not always tolerate the dosage.

At times, she would leave her fish oil capsules in the bowl.  Sometimes I got the impression that she was experiencing reflux from the fish oil (which also happens to humans).  I know that some of my other massage clients were also experiencing trouble keeping up the recommended dose of fish oil; reflux was a common problem.

So I tried the Mussel Dog® (also referred to as Antinol® or PCSO-524®), initially at the rate of one capsule containing 50 mg of the active ingredient before increasing the dosage to two capsules.

Daisy is moving more freely (I notice in particular that she is walking faster with less scuffing of her hind feet).  It has also been easier to hide the capsules with her food because of their size.  And the dosage of 100 mg is much less than traditional fish oils, when she needed 5,000 mg per day!

A comparison on size is in order:

A 1000 mg capsule of fish oil is at the top, compared to the size of the 50 mg Mussel Dog® capsule

A 1000 mg capsule of fish oil is at the top, compared to the size of the 50 mg Mussel Dog® capsule at the bottom

Reflux has not been an issue (although the capsules have a strong fishy smell – be prepared for that).

The product, once opened, is best stored in the refrigerator and out of direct sunlight which I believe is another testament to its freshness and potency.

The active ingredient of PCSO-524® is being studied actively by researchers and that’s another positive as far as I’m concerned.

For example, one paper on the use of the ingredient in post-operative dogs that had stifle surgery (either patellar surgery or cruciate ligament) showed that the dogs treated post-surgically with PCSO-524® as opposed to a combination of glucosamine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) had better outcomes.  The supplement provided sufficient pain relief and worked to reduce inflammation.  This study, by a team at the Chulalongkorn University in Thailand, has recently been presented at the World Small Animal Veterinary Congress in Auckland.

As most of us know, dogs must be monitored closely when given non-steroidal anti-flammatory drugs because of the range of side effects such as liver damage.  This is one reason why dog owners look for more natural alternatives with less side effects.  Supplements are worth trying because, even if your dog still requires an NSAID, you may be able to lower the effective dose without compromising your dog’s quality of life.   (Please make your vet aware at your dog’s next examination that you are administering Mussel Dog® or any other supplement).

For my customers, I’m happy to answer questions about Mussel Dog® and its suitability for your dog.  Check out my Facebook page for a customer-only offer.

Note:  For my North American readers, this product is branded as Omega Dog.