Tag Archives: oxytocin

Research suggests people who talk to their pets like humans tend to be better at talking to other humans too

…because the habit of narrating your inner life to a creature who can’t judge you turns out to be surprisingly good practice for the kind of honesty that actual relationships require

Talking to your pets like people isn’t just cute, it’s quietly training you to be more honest and emotionally available in your human relationships too

I’ll admit something that might sound ridiculous. Yesterday morning, while making my oat milk latte, I caught myself explaining to my neighbor’s cat why I was running late. Not in that quick, throwaway “hey buddy” kind of way. I mean a full, detailed account of how my alarm didn’t go off, how I’d stayed up too late reading about cognitive biases, and how the whole morning had spiraled from there.

The cat blinked at me. Slowly. Twice.

And somehow, that felt like enough.

If you’ve ever narrated your grocery list to a dog or debriefed your workday to a parrot, you already know what I’m talking about. There’s something about talking to an animal that feels different from talking to a person. Safer, maybe. Less performative. And as it turns out, that feeling isn’t just in your head. Research suggests that people who regularly talk to their pets like they’re human tend to develop communication habits that actually make them better at connecting with other humans too.

Here’s why that matters more than you think.

The real reason you talk to your cat like a roommate

Psychologists have a word for what we do when we chat with our pets as though they understand every syllable. It’s called anthropomorphism, and it’s the tendency to attribute human characteristics, emotions, and mental states to non-human entities. Your dog isn’t actually judging your outfit. Your cat doesn’t really have opinions about your ex. But your brain treats them as if they do.

Nicholas Epley, a behavioral scientist at the University of Chicago and one of the leading researchers on anthropomorphism, has argued that this tendency isn’t a sign of immaturity or delusion. It’s actually a byproduct of the same cognitive machinery that makes us good at reading other people. The same mental tools we use to infer what a friend is thinking or what a colleague really meant by that email are the tools we activate when we imagine our dog is sulking because we left for work.

In other words, talking to your pet isn’t a weird quirk. It’s your social brain doing reps.

A rehearsal space with no stakes

Here’s what I find most interesting about this whole thing, and I’ve mentioned this before but it keeps proving true: the environments where we practice being honest matter just as much as the honesty itself.

Think about the last time you wanted to say something vulnerable to someone you care about. Maybe you needed to admit you were struggling, or that something they did hurt you, or that you didn’t have it all figured out. Chances are, you rehearsed it. In the shower. In the car. In your head while pretending to listen to a podcast.

Talking to a pet is a version of that rehearsal, except it happens out loud. And out loud matters.

When you tell your dog about your terrible day, you’re not just venting into the void. You’re practicing the act of putting internal experience into words. You’re narrating feelings that might otherwise stay tangled up in your chest. And you’re doing it in front of a living creature who won’t interrupt, won’t argue, and won’t make you feel stupid for saying it.

According to Psychology Today, people who anthropomorphize tend to show stronger social bonds and richer empathy. The habit of imagining an inner world for another being, even an animal, exercises the same perspective-taking muscles we rely on in human relationships.

What your pet can’t do is exactly the point

Your cat can’t validate you. Your dog can’t offer advice. Your goldfish isn’t going to text you back with a thoughtful response at 2 a.m.

And that’s precisely what makes these conversations so useful.

When I lived through my aggressive vegan phase years ago, I learned something painful about communication. I spent three years armed with statistics and moral arguments, convinced that if I just said the right thing in the right way, people would change. My friend Sarah’s birthday dinner became a lecture. Family gatherings turned into debates. I was so focused on being right that I forgot how to actually connect with anyone.

What finally broke the pattern wasn’t a better argument. It was learning to talk without needing a specific response. Learning to say things honestly, without controlling the outcome.

That’s what talking to a pet teaches you. You learn to express yourself for the sake of expression, not for the sake of winning. There’s no scoreboard. No defense mechanism on the other end. Just you, saying what’s true, and a creature who receives it without judgment.

Research on self-disclosure consistently shows that the act of sharing personal information, even when the listener can’t fully understand it, builds our capacity for vulnerability. It trains us to tolerate the discomfort of being seen. And that tolerance is one of the most important ingredients in any meaningful relationship.

The biology backing all of this up

It’s not just a psychological phenomenon either. There’s a biological layer to this that I find genuinely fascinating.

A comprehensive review published in Frontiers in Psychology examined dozens of studies on human-animal interaction and found that positive contact with pets is linked to the release of oxytocin, the same hormone involved in bonding between parents and children, and between romantic partners. The review also found evidence that these interactions can reduce cortisol levels, lower blood pressure, and even increase trust toward other people.

So when you’re sitting on the couch telling your dog about your annoying coworker, your body is doing more than just relaxing. It’s chemically priming you for better human connection. The oxytocin system doesn’t distinguish between species when it comes to bonding. A warm, safe interaction is a warm, safe interaction, whether it’s with your partner or your Labrador.

This is something I think about a lot during my photography walks around Venice Beach. You’ll see dozens of people on any given morning having full-blown conversations with their dogs. Asking them questions. Narrating the scenery. Explaining why they chose to walk left instead of right. From the outside, it looks eccentric. From the inside, it’s probably the most emotionally honest those people will be all day.

From pet talk to pillow talk

The real payoff of this habit isn’t in the conversations you have with your pet. It’s in how those conversations change the ones you have with people.

I’ve been with my partner for five years now. We have very different lifestyles in a lot of ways, including what we eat and how we think about food. Early on, I could have easily fallen into old patterns of trying to convince and convert. Instead, I’d learned (the hard way, through years of burned bridges) that real communication isn’t about persuasion. It’s about honesty without agenda.

And honestly? I think some of that skill got sharpened in the smallest, most ridiculous moments. Explaining my feelings to a stray cat on my balcony. Talking through a tough decision while a friend’s dog stared at me from across the room. Those moments taught me to hear my own voice saying difficult things without flinching.

As Psych Central notes, anthropomorphism may help people better understand others and connect with the world around them. The same mental habit that lets you imagine your pet has feelings also sharpens your ability to consider what the humans in your life might be going through.

If you’ve ever had a partner tell you that you’re a good listener, or a friend say they feel safe talking to you, part of that might trace back to the hundreds of tiny, unwitnessed conversations you’ve had with animals who couldn’t talk back. You were building a muscle you didn’t even know you were training.

Why this isn’t just a quirky personality trait

It’s tempting to file “talks to pets” under the same category as “collects too many houseplants” or “names their car.” Harmless. Cute. A little weird.

But the research suggests it’s more than that.

People who regularly engage in anthropomorphic behavior tend to score higher in empathy. They’re more likely to consider perspectives beyond their own. They show patterns of emotional regulation, using a calm, gentle tone with their pet, that carry over into stressful human interactions. They practice repair quickly, softening after a raised voice, returning to warmth without being asked.

My grandmother, who raised four kids on a teacher’s salary and still volunteers at the food bank every Saturday, has always talked to animals like they’re old friends. I used to think it was just her personality. Now I think it might be part of why she’s one of the most emotionally intelligent people I know. She never needed a psychology textbook to understand that practicing kindness in small, invisible moments makes you better at kindness in the moments that count.

The bottom line

If you talk to your pets like they’re people, you’re not being silly. You’re rehearsing honesty in a space where it costs you nothing, and building emotional skills that pay off everywhere else.

The habit of narrating your inner life, out loud, to a creature who can’t judge you, turns out to be surprisingly good training for the kind of vulnerability that actual relationships require. It lowers your defenses. It teaches you to express without performing. And it keeps your empathy muscles in shape for when the stakes are real.

So the next time someone catches you explaining your day to a cat, don’t apologize.

You’re just practicing being human.

Source: Jordan Cooper, Veg Out

Mutual Rescue™ surviving cancer

When Meridel adopted Sadie, little did she know that they both would both have cancer in common.

The latest Mutual Rescue video tells their story. Cancer is a devastating diagnosis to receive, be it for a human or animal. I particularly like that Meridel talks about the love hormone – oxytocin – in this piece. There’s documented evidence about how the stroking of a dog results in release of this hormone in both the owner and the dog.

You can’t get more mutual than that!

Mutual Rescue™ is a trademarked initiative of the Humane Society Silicon Valley.  Aimed at changing the way people think of animal welfare and adoption, each year the Society asks for submissions from people to share their story about a special connection they have made with an animal.

Kathleen Crisley, Fear-Free certified professional and specialist in dog massage, rehabilitation and canine fitness,  The Balanced Dog, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Dogs´social skills linked to oxytocin sensitivity

The tendency of dogs to seek contact with their owners is associated with genetic variations in sensitivity for the hormone oxytocin, according to a new study. The findings contribute to our knowledge of how dogs have changed during their development from wolf to household pet.

Golden Retriever

A golden retriever turns to his owner for help. Photo credit: Mia Persson

During their domestication from their wild ancestor the wolf to the pets we have today, dogs have developed a unique ability to work together with humans. One aspect of this is their willingness to “ask for help” when faced with a problem that seems to be too difficult. There are, however, large differences between breeds, and between dogs of the same breed. A research group in Linköping, led by Professor Per Jensen, has discovered a possible explanation of why dogs differ in their willingness to collaborate with humans. The results have been published in the scientific journal Hormones and Behavior.

The researchers suspected that the hormone oxytocin was involved. It is well-known that oxytocin plays a role in social relationships between individuals, in both humans and animals. The effect of oxytocin depends on the function of the structure that it binds to, the receptor, in the cell. Previous studies have suggested, among other things, that differences in dogs’ ability to communicate are associated with variations in the genetic material located close to the gene that codes for the oxytocin receptor. The researchers in the present study examined 60 golden retrievers as they attempted to solve an insoluble problem.

“The first step was to teach the dogs to open a lid, and in this way get hold of a treat. After this, they were given the same task with the lid firmly fixed in place, and thus impossible to open. We timed the dogs to see how long they attempted on their own, before turning to their owner and asking for help,” says Mia Persson, PhD student at the Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, and principal author of the article.

Before the behavioural test, the researchers increased the levels of oxytocin in the dogs’ blood by spraying the hormone into their nose. As a control, the dogs carried out the same test after having received a spray of neutral salt water in the same way. The researchers also collected DNA using a cotton swab inside the dogs’ cheek, and determined which variant of the gene for the oxytocin receptor that each dog had.

The results showed that dogs with a particular genetic variant of the receptor reacted more strongly to the oxytocin spray than other dogs. The tendency to approach their owner for help increased when they received oxytocin in their nose, compared with when they received the neutral salt water solution. The researchers suggest that these results help us understand how dogs have changed during the process of domestication. They analysed DNA also from 21 wolves, and found the same genetic variation among them. This suggests that the genetic variation was already present when domestication of the dogs started, 15,000 years ago.

“The results lead us to surmise that people selected for domestication wolves with a particularly well-developed ability to collaborate, and then bred subsequent generations from these,” says Mia Persson.

The genetic variations that the researchers have studied do not affect the oxytocin receptor itself: they are markers used for practical reasons. Further research is necessary to determine in more detail which differences in the genetic material lie behind the effects.

Per Jensen points out that the study shows how social behaviour is to a large extent controlled by the same genetic factors in different species.

“Oxytocin is extremely important in the social interactions between people. And we also have similar variations in genes in this hormone system. This is why studying dog behaviour can help us understand ourselves, and may in the long term contribute to knowledge about various disturbances in social functioning,” he says.

The article: Intranasal oxytocin and a polymorphism in the oxytocin receptor gene are associated with human-directed social behavior in golden retriever dogs, Persson, M.E., Trottier, A.J., Beltéky, J., Roth, L.S.V., Jensen, P., 2017, Hormones and Behavior 95, 85–93, published online 17 August 2017. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.07.016

Source:  Linköping University media release

Quantifying the Effects of Service Dogs for Veterans with PTSD

veteran with dog

 

Researchers from the Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine’s Center for the Human Animal Bond will analyze the influence service dogs have on the lives of military veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a unique clinical trial.

According to the United States Veterans Administration, 22 veterans commit suicide each day, and at least 40 percent have been diagnosed with PTSD. The rate could be even higher, as many cases of PTSD go undiagnosed.

Previous studies have suggested that individuals who bond with their pet dogs exhibit elevated levels of oxytocin – sometimes referred to as the “cuddle hormone” because it sparks emotional responses that contribute to relaxation and trust. Additionally, the National Center for PTSD claims dogs can encourage veterans to communicate more through commands and training, and prompt them to spend more time outdoors and meet new people.

These benefits support anecdotal reports that show an increase in the prevalence of service dogs for individuals with PTSD, but scientific evidence examining this growing trend and its effects on PTSD patients is still lacking.

“Many veterans are increasingly seeking complementary interventions for PTSD, including service dogs,” stated Maggie O’Haire, lead researcher and assistant professor of human-animal interaction at Purdue. “Yet, even with the well-meaning intentions of service dog organizations that are working to meet the demand, our systematic review of scientific literature confirms a lack of published, empirical research on the effects that service dogs have on veterans and their spouses.”

To help carry out the study, the research team has partnered with K9s for Warriors – one of the nation’s leading providers of service dogs to military vets suffering from a variety of conditions including PTSD, traumatic brain injuries, or sexual trauma as a result of service post-9/11.

The team hopes to determine what sort of PTSD symptom changes veterans may experience as a result of having a service dog, as well as any effects on social functioning and physiological biomarkers.

According to a university release, standardized survey instruments and objective measures of physiology will be used to track stress and functioning. The researchers will also use a novel ecological momentary assessment protocol to capture the role and function of the dogs in everyday life.

The results will be the first evidence-based data to be published that quantitatively identifies the roles and effects of service dogs for military veterans with PTSD.

The study is unique because it applies research methodology and evidence-based science to an area that has typically relied on emotion, according to O’Haire.

“Without scientifically sound studies that establish proof-of-concept for the therapeutic efficacy of PTSD service dogs, this animal-assisted intervention strategy will continue to be minimized as an unsupported and potentially unsound practice, despite anecdotal reports that the dogs may have a significant impact,” added O’Haire.

Source:  www.laboratoryequipment.com

Kids with dogs have less anxiety

A research team at Bassett Medical Center in New York has found that kids with a dog at home experience far less clinical anxiety than do children who are dog-less.

This small study adds to the growing body of knowledge about the human-animal bond and the positive health impacts of dog ownership.

Child and dog

Read more about this study on NBC News.


Other blog posts about kids, dogs and health:

Kathleen Crisley, specialist in dog massage, rehabilitation and nutrition/food therapy, The Balanced Dog, Christchurch, New Zealand

Hug me, I need the oxytocin

Oxytocin is a mammalian hormone that is released during the act of touching and hugging.   For these reasons, the hormone is often referred to as ‘the cuddle hormone’ or ‘the love hormone.’  (The hormone is also released during childbirth, by the way).

As a dog owner, your relationship with your dog is likely to involve you and your dog triggering the release of oxytocin in one another.  Temple Grandin, animal behaviourist and autism researcher, has found that ‘A dog’s oxytocin levels rise when his owners pet him and petting his dog raises the owner’s oxytocin too.’    In other words, this hormone plays a role in the human-animal bond.

In 2003, J.S.J. Odendaal and R.A. Meintjes of the  Life Sciences Institute at Pretoria published research into the blood levels of endorphins, oxytocin, prolactin, B-phenylethylamine and dopamine (all associated with pleasure response or relaxation) and cortisol (a known stress hormone) in people and dogs both before and after they interacted with each other.  The researchers compared levels of the neurochemicals under three scenarios:   1) after people petted their own dogs 2)  after they petted unfamiliar dogs and 3) after they sat quietly and read a book.

In both humans and dogs, the levels of the pleasure-response chemicals  rose after 5 to 24 minutes.  At the same time, cortisol levels in humans fell as they spent time with their pets.   The increase in oxytocin was highest in the group where people interacted with their own dogs, as opposed to dogs that were unfamiliar to them.

In 2008, Miho Nagasawa’s research team in Japan showed that only eye contact was necessary between dogs and their humans to increase oxytocin levels.  After 30 minutes of contact with their dog, owners showed an increase in oxytocin levels.

Dr Kerstin Uvnäs-Moberg from Uppsala University, studies oxytocin and its effects.  Her 2010 study showed that women and their dogs experienced increases in their oxytocin levels after only 10 minutes of contact.  When compared to a survey of the women, their oxytocin response was in direct correlation with the quality of the bond they felt for their pet.

For those of us who have experienced this bond during our lives, it is probably not surprising that there is a scientific reason for our feelings and that it is hormone-related.  But it’s nice to have science on our side.

For those of you raising puppies, these studies show that there  is a good scientific reason to ensure your  puppy is socialised.  It is not surprising  that dogs involved in hoarding cases or puppy mills are withdrawn and in many cases frightened of humans.  They aren’t accustomed to the positive effects of oxytocin release and in many cases have suffered other traumas.

Hey Daisy, give me a hug…I need the oxytocin.

Have you hugged your dog today?

Kathleen Crisley, specialist in dog massage, rehabilitation and nutrition/food therapy, The Balanced Dog, Christchurch, New Zealand